ELDTell

An Electronic Literature Analysis of *Endemic Battle Collage* by Geof Huth, Within an Electronic Literature Medium The advancement in digital literature has progressed rather quickly in recent years. From the 80s, where poetry animation was minimal on a digital platform, to the modern version of kinetic poetry, the ability to create poetry, literature, and art on a digital medium has increased substantially. The history behind the *Endemic Battle Collage* pertains a lot to this change of digital poetry throughout time. According to the author description in the Electronic Literature Collection, Huth describes his work as "a set of decades-old digital poems originally written in Apple Basic and incorporating both movement and sound within their bounds" (ELC). His piece of electronic poetry, as stated, was created through Apple Basic. In its time, this software was an introduction to the new ways that poets could animate their work. It served as seemingly a bridge to unseen digital pathways. Since then, however, that technology has expired and gave way to even more complex softwares, allowing even more complicated digital creations to be made. Therefore, Huth's digital literature represents the change from a innovative to limited kinetic poem. As well, it also plays to the idea of poetry as it is read vs poetry as it is performed. Below is an example of the style/format of the work, from Vispo.com: <img src="https://vispo.com/huth/images/title.gif" width="600" height="150" alt="Title"> View *Endemic Battle Collage* on the Electronic Literature Collection site: https://collection.eliterature.org/2/works/huth_endemic_battle_collage.html [[Setup of the piece]] [[Works Cited]]

The visuals of the *Endemic Battle Collage* are somewhat limited and outdated. They use text only to animate semantic meanings and most of the video is in black and white. There is one section in the very beginning that has the same color properties and design as the "No Broadcast" screen. See Below: <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/SMPTE_Color_Bars.svg/1200px-SMPTE_Color_Bars.svg.png" width="600" height="150" alt="No signal screen"> For most of the video, the contrast between black and white allows for a creation of background space and a focal point. Some of the frames seem cluttered due to this technique and others seem somewhat confusing. <img src="https://elmcip.net/sites/default/files/media/work/images/battle_screen_shot.png" width="300" height="150" alt="Black and white"> <img src="https://i.pinimg.com/236x/8c/ac/62/8cac62ca73927df3effafd747b126ff9--collage.jpg" width="300" height="150" alt="Black and white"> In the images above, the white and negative spaces format a sort of middle ground that stages each sequence. As well, the use of only black and white to contrast creates a block aesthetic. For the visual animation portions, they occur by introduction of a word, and then that word's semantic meaning becomes animated using more words. A couple examples of this are 1)The word "inch worm" appears and inches across the screen by adding more letters to the sequence. 2) The word "rain" is assembled in sequences going down the screen with slight shifting to resemble rain. <img 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vHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5axkPLeGgZDy3joWU8tIyHlvHQMh5K/wE2PQfGcbDXhQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" width="300" height="150" alt="inch worm"> <img 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" width="300" height="150" alt="rain"> These functions of the piece express the perform vs read aspect where the poem is not in the context of the word, but with the word and its animation. This is what Rettberg talks about as the poetry having a space and time within itself. As well, this does well to entertain with computational abilities, rather than to induct some kind of meaning. Whatever meaning must then be concluded about this lack of story or narrative, and more on the historical background. As Jim Andrews notes, Huth's poems are inspired by "bpNichol’s digital visual writing in *First Screening*." This "visual" component takes up a lot of the kinetic energy within the poem and becomes more linear. [[Medium]]

The *Endemic Battle Collage* was written as a digital medium and lacked that of print origins. The digital platform used was Apple Basic, a software that seemed innovative to the written electronic world. The origins, as defined by Wikipedia, was a cross between Microsoft and Apple, called Applesoft. Later known as simply Apple Basic, the software had the ability to code words with movement and sound. It looked similar to the following picture found on the Wikipedia page: <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Applesoft_BASIC.png" width="500" height="300" alt="Apple Basic"> As is evident, the black background and type font look very simple to the modern eye. There is a context of limitations which were once seen as new freedoms for computer coding. As for these limitations, one observation is the structure of lines throughout the screen. The software focuses on letters that move through spaces in lines, the same as typing in any Word document. As well, Apple Basic lacks the range of sounds that modern day programs can encompass. It uses simple beeps and bell sounds that feel harsh in succession to the poetry. To play with Apple Basic, visit the website created by Joshua Bell: https://www.calormen.com/jsbasic/ To look at the effect that Apple Basic has on this piece, consider the following categories: [[Visuals]] [[Interactivity]] [[Audio]] [[Personal Review]]

While watching this piece of E-Lit, I was 1) disappointed in the lack of interactive abilites, and 2) confused by the visuals and sounds. It is true that for someone having never experienced much of this image of technology, that I would be confused or unattracted to this style. Yet, as I continued to watch, I found the animations somewhat clever for the seemingly limited space provided. I also found that the audio to the piece was unnecessary until I could understand what the entire video was about. As an aspect of Kinetic poetry, this is slightly more entertaining than reading an random poem about inch worms, rain and growth. However, I felt that the display mentality overtook the narration. There was less of a meaning to the animations within the video as a whole, simply because they didn't seem to connect. The times where the video would move quite fast caused a bit more confusion. I found myself restarting and pausing the video almost every couple of seconds. I kept asking myself, "was this what he intended by making it so quick? Or does the language matter less than the concept of animation as a whole?" I came to the conclusion that the words themselves aren't the focus of the electronic literature. The focus felt more to me like the performance of technology and the notion of time itself. Even if not intended, the work now proves to resemble time and how it moves fast, the content is blurred and the product is something that no one expected. I would have really liked to interact with it, but, like time, things can't be changed and worms will inch, rain will fall, and things will grow. Time and technology are both parallel and inter*twine*d. But what is [[E-Lit]]? [[Medium]]

The unique difference with this piece in the ELC (Electronic Literature Collection) is that it has no real interactive element. It is a video that contains moving words, sounds and an occasional blob of color, but has no more dynamic capabilities than to view. As is common for most videos, the viewer can pause, play, restart and full-screen the video, but this lends to no real *interaction*. This is also seen as a limiting factor to modern day, since interactive poetry is a thriving digital experience. Granted, this is an old piece of work, it had the ability to become interactive. To this end, it seems Huth used a software to specifically display kinetic poetry elements. He prefered to perform the poem, than to read or play with it. This maybe why it has such a negative effect over time. When some old digital platforms have a sense of interaction, they tend to last longer over time. When the abilities on display become outdated, such as the ones in this piece, they serve only to be looked at in memory of what was vs what is. This interactive ability is lumped into the same chapter as Kinetic poetry in Scott Rettberg's book *Electronic Literature*. Yet, here is a case where a kinetic poem lacks an interactive feature. This isn't impossible, or frankly uncommon, but it speaks to the truth that kinetic poetry doesn't require an interaction, or even the sense of reading to still form a poetic work. As is in Huth's piece, the reading of the poems are less important than understanding the semantic meaning of the words and their animations. Rettberg expresses this very well in his chapter on Kinetic and Interactive Poetry. He says, "words and letters are not only carriers of meaning but material objects that themselves have variable properties” (Rettberg 118). Huth's project is the literal example to this quote. The words are objects that lend to variable properties within the piece. In other words, the words themselves are not the focal point of the poem, but the kinetic aspect that they lend to. [[Medium]]

The audio dynamic of *Endemic Battle Collage* is very minimal. It uses the limited sounds of Apple Basic: beeps, buzzes and bells. The more notable sound in the work is beeps, however. The first sound is a beep at the very beginning which almost scares the viewer into paying attention. This beep sound also instantly recognizes the work as old or vintage. The most sound-inclusive portion is the frame with the word "echo." The buzz and beeps form a sort of echo as the letters change and move up and down. Though the word disappears, the echo is still present through this audio portion. This is a use of sound that strikes the viewer as clever but also annoying. The buzz itself is not pleasant to hear, yet the notion that the sound can give life to the meaning of the word while the word moves is interesting. This is yet another way that Huth uses kinetic poetry to perform the poetics. He gives the viewer more of an experience than an interaction and changes the way they view the words by both visuals and sounds. This also shows how over time, the display can seem more limited, as modern kinetic poetries have diverse sound effects. Yet, this does lead the way to interactive poems that have the same function of sound where it corresponds to the visual that is being viewed. The lack of sound, as well, creates a focus on the words being displayed. The viewer, on the first run through, most likely values the visuals first because the sounds seem somewhat pointless. A beep or a buzz means much less to the viewer than the sound of a car or footsteps. Yet, there are important points to be made with Huth's use of audio, given the limitations of the time. [[Medium]]

Electronic Literature is a term that defines non-print digital literature. It is not defined as clearly, thought, because the origin of a source and its content determine moreso whether it fits into that category. The genres, though, are works such as combinatory poetics, kinetic poetry, interactive fiction and any digital piece that people create online. The *Electronic Literature Collection* stores a lot of older pieces of E-Lit, much like a library and makes them available as time progresses. The difference between the print and digital medium is the ability to lose the information over time. Digital pieces must be updated and maintained so that softwares, links and information remain relevant as the digital world changes. This was a problem that the ELC solved for *Endemic Battle Collage*. The E-Lit runs on a software that became outdated and therefore irrelevant. If the piece had been a print poem, it would have remained accessible, but without movement or sound. As well, a lot of the message that the piece points at is the performance of the poem. This would not be so clear if it were print. As a print base, there is no time element and the reader views at their own pace. As well, there would be no sound component which calls attention to the "echo" technique. Even though it cannot be interacted with, it still proves a better point as a work of E-Lit than in print. The work itself was inspired by the basis of moving poetry. [[Medium]] [[Works Cited]]

Works Cited: Andrews, Jim. “Endemic Battle Collage and Other 1987 Poems by Geoff Huth.” *Emulating the Past* -- Geof Huth, vispo.com/huth/introduction.htm. “Applesoft BASIC.” *Wikipedia*, Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Nov. 2019, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applesoft_BASIC. Bell, Joshua. “Applesoft BASIC in Javascript.” *Applesoft BASIC in JavaScript*, www.calormen.com/jsbasic/. “Electronic Literature Collection.” *Electronic Literature Collection*, collection.eliterature.org/. Rettberg, Scott. *Electronic Literature*. Polity Press, 2019. [[Intro]]

The *Endemic Battle Collage* is essentially a video of kinetic poetry that involves time and motion throughout the work. It deals less with narration or setting, and more with the abilities of the technology itself. That is, the actual poems are not the source of meaning necessarily, but that they take on the shape of movement and this movement becomes the poetry. There is a tone within the piece, however. It may be due to the software being used, or the nature of the digital abilities before the 2000s, but either way, it is mechanical and begs for attention. The piece is created more for display, which supports this demand for attention. Each time a word is animated into its semantic meaning, the audience feels this call for attention. In the 80s, this would have been work that viewers would marvel at, and agreeably, those who know nothing about programming now might marvel at. Yet, today it is unimpressive to most and is more eye-roll worthy. As well, With the digital literature having only beeps, echoes, and mechanical movement, the mood is very cliche, for a digital piece. A mood in the past would have been impressive or inspiring. This also shows how the advancement in technology changes the view of this literature. Through this desire to impress or display poetry, the *Endemic Battle Collage* challenges the idea of poetry as it is performed vs poetry as it is read. In this way, the viewer does less reading and observes more of the poetry as it turns into word clouds and moving segments. The words themselves mean less to the poem than the animation of words. In fact, at some points, the words make no sense or cannot be read due to the speed of the animation. (Animation in this sense means words that move through lines and spaces). In one segment, there is even an overlay of words which might be to resemble the idea of coding. Coding often overlays codes until they have built a structure. Huth uses his performance of poetry through technology to show how poetry, likes codes, can overlap to create a larger structure of meaning. Analysis of the [[Medium]] My [[Personal Review]]